Student Education Repository (மாணவர்கள் கல்விக் களஞ்சியம்): Today (December 21, 1898) is the birthday of Ira Sprague Bowen, who discovered the Nebulium element to be a combination of two living element electrons.

Monday, December 21, 2020

Today (December 21, 1898) is the birthday of Ira Sprague Bowen, who discovered the Nebulium element to be a combination of two living element electrons.

Today (December 21, 1898) is the birthday of Ira Sprague Bowen, who discovered the Nebulium element to be a combination of two living element electrons.

Ira Sprague Bowen was born on December 21, 1898, in New York, the son of James Bowen and Belinda Sprague. He attended school at home until his father died in 1908 when his family moved frequently. After that, his mother attended Auton College where he worked as a teacher. After graduating from high school in 1915, he joined Auton College's undergraduate college. He then attended Oberlin College. He graduated there in 1919. While studying at Oberlin College, Bowen studied the properties of iron with a scientist named Robert Redfield. The results of this study were published in 1921.

Bowen studied physics at the University of Chicago from the fall of 1919. By 1921, Robert Andrews was a member of the Millikan Study Group. He has been given the task of ultraviolet radiation of chemical elements. In 1921, George Ellery Fale persuaded Millican to join the California Institute of Technology. It was then that Bowen became intimately acquainted with him. Fallen's contact allowed Bowen to work at Mount Wilson Observatory and Palomar Observatory. Bowen taught physics at Caltech and studied cosmology and ultraviolet light. He also continued the radiographic calculations of the weighted elements in the elemental table. It was through these data and his interest in gaseous research that he made his nebulous discovery easier when he read about the radiation emitted at low densities in the book "Astronomy" by Norris Russell and Remont Sumit Duhan John Quincy Suttiward.

nebulium

In 1864, William Aquinas discovered the green emission lines emitted at wavelengths 4959Å and 5007Å from the cat's eye. Since no element showed such emission lines in the recipe, it was later decided in 1890 that only one new element would emit these lines. It was also named Nebulium. But Bowen calculated that it was the avoided transition of the dual electronic organism that showed such emission lines. He explained that the radiation was emitted because the living electrons in the cat's eye were not likely to collide with each other, and therefore could not move from the arousal to the normal, so the only possible escape route was the transition. Bowen published these discoveries in 1927. Thus he came to the conclusion that there is no chemical element called nebulium.

Bowen was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1936. Before retiring in 1964, he was involved in improving the design of various optical instruments. Take, for example, the 100-inch Irene DuPont instrument found in the Ilasu Campanus Observatory. He introduced the Bowen ratio in meteorology, the concept of the ratio between the vapour surface residue and the radiant heat. Enrique Trapper Award (1942) by the American National Academy of Sciences, Overd. He has received the Patchu Medal (1946), the Eramford Prize from the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1949), the Frederick Eves Medal (1952), the Bruce Award (1957), the Norris Russell Lecture Award (1964), and the Government Astronomical Institute Gold Medal (1966).

In 1927 he discovered that the nebulium was a separate element, rather than a combination of two living element electrons. Ira Sprague Bowen, who discovered the element nebulium, passed away on February 6, 1973, in the United States at the age of 74. A crater on the moon is named the Bowen crater. Asteroid 3363 is named Bowen. Named for the Bowen ratio of evaporating surface turbulence (currents).

Source By: Wikipedia

Information: Ramesh, Assistant Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.