Today (April 20, 1918) is the memorial day of Nobel Prize-winning German inventor Karl Ferdinand Braun, who pioneered the development of wireless communication in radio and television.
Karl Ferdinand Braun was born on June 6, 1850, in Bulda, Hessen Castle, Germany. He attended a grammar school in the county. He was interested in education at a young age and was well versed in science. He wrote science articles at an early age and they were all published in various journals. Eager to become a science teacher, he enrolled at the University of Marburg, taking science and mathematics as subjects. He then moved to the University of Berlin where he studied physics as a speciality. He received his master's degree in 1872 and later his doctorate. In 1885 he married Amelie Buckler.
Served as an assistant to Professor Qing of the University of Ursburg. In 1874, he joined St. Thomas' School in Leipzig as a teacher. Two years later, he was hired as the best professor of theoretical physics at the University of Marburg. In 1880, he was invited to the same job at the University of Strasbourg. In 1883, he became a professor of physics at the College of Technology in Karlskuw. He eventually joined the University of Dubinson in 1885. There ,he created a new physical education institute. He then returned to the University of Strasbourg in 1895, two years later. There he became the head of the Institute of Physics.
His first study was on the oscillations of strings and elastic. He examined how the wires set their oscillations according to the operating conditions and the nature of the wire's range of motion. He studied the theory of thermodynamics and the study of how the solubility of solids changes with pressure. His primary research work was on electronics. He published research papers on variations from Ohm's law and on calculating the force of electricity on elements that are reversible from heat sources.
He focused on the study of the electrical conductivity of dissolved metal salts in electrodes. In them, he studied the conductivity of insoluble metal sulfide crystals and other crystalline solids. He found that in many metal sulfides, the magnitude of the resistance varies according to the directions and magnitudes of the applied voltage. He used the electrolytic properties of galena, a low-conductivity crystal mixed with carbon sulfide, to form two electrodes. This was the first faulty conductor of the day. It was not widely used at the time but became widely used in 1948.
Braun spent twenty years at the university teaching and studying physics. Developed a variety of electronic tools. In 1897, he developed a cathode ray oscilloscope and an electrometer. He did not receive a patent for I,t but wrote and published an explanatory essay so that anyone could understand how it should be operated. It was during this time that he developed the idea of emitting negative rays, and X-rays were discovered.
In 1898, he focused on the study of the wireless telegraph system. Morse transmitted gestures through the water with the help of a high-frequency current. Introduced the closed circuit of the wave. He made electric gestures in specific directions. In 1902, he succeeded in retrieving the waves sent by the inclined transmitter device. He wrote and published these in detail under the title Wireless Telegraph in Water and Air. He shared the 1909 Nobel Prize with Marconi, the scholar who discovered radio by studying wireless communication. Spawned the development of radio and television technology.
After World War I, he went to the United States to testify in a legal patent case. He has not been involved in research since then. He spent his last years in the United States. Nobel Prize-winning German inventor Karl Ferdinand Braun passed away on April 20, 1918, in New York, USA, at 67.
Source: Wikipedia
Information: Dr. P. Ramesh, Assistant Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.
