Today (March 21, 1768) is the birthday of Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier, the French mathematician and physicist who created the Fourier series on thermodynamics, the greenhouse effect and mathematics in physics.
Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier was
born on March 21, 1768, in the Ion Department, France, the son of a tailor. He
was orphaned at the age of nine. Nominated for Fourier Axer Bishop. Through
this introduction, he was educated by the Benedictine Order of St. Mark's
Convent. Commissions were set aside for good birth because he was incompetent
in the military's scientific forces. Accepted a military lecture on
mathematics. He played an important role in promoting the French Revolution in
his own district. Served on the local revolutionary group. He was imprisoned
during the terror. But in 1795, Ecol was assigned to Normal.
Fourier travelled with Napoleon Bonaparte in 1798 on his Egyptian voyage as a scientific consultant. He was also appointed Secretary of the Institute of Digitized. Disengaged from France by the British navy, the French army organized workshops to rely on their weapons of war. He presented several mathematical documents to the Egyptian company founded by Napoleon in Cairo to weaken British influence in the East. After the British conquests in 1801 and the surrender of the French under General Menu, Fourier returned to France.
In 1801, Napoleon appointed the Fourier Prefect of the Care Department of Grenoble as governor. There he oversaw road construction and other projects. However, Fourier had previously returned home to Egypt from Napoleon's voyage. In his education, he resumed his academic post as Professor of Ecol Polytechnic. Since the head of the Care department recently passed away, they wanted to express my confidence by appointing Citizen Fourier to this place. So he, who was loyal to Napoleon, accepted the perfect position. It was while in Grenoble that he began experimenting with heat dissipation. On December 21, 1807, he presented his paper on the dissipation of heat in solid bodies to the Paris Company. He also contributed to the monumental interpretation of de Eljipte.
In 1822, Fourier Jean-Baptiste
was appointed permanent secretary of the French Academy of Sciences after
Joseph Delambrey. In 1830, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish
Academy of Sciences. In 1822, Fourier published his work on heat flow at the
Theory Analytic de la Salour. In this, he based his cause on Newton's law of
cooling. That is, the heat flux between two adjacent molecules is proportional
to the smallest difference in their temperature. The book was translated into
English 56 years later by Freeman (1878) with an editorial 'with corrections'.
The book was edited by Starbucks with several editorial revisions and
republished in French in 1888.
He is best known for developing
the concept of the Fourier series in mathematics. He also assumed that an
equation would be correct if this equation was applied to dimensional
analysis. In 1820, he calculated the size of the earth and the distance of the
sun. If there were no greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the Earth's
temperature would be as low as 33 degrees Celsius. Then everything will freeze
and the creatures will not be able to survive. Therefore, the greenhouse effect
is essential for the creatures to live on earth. As the output of greenhouse
gases crosses the limit, their density increases and they retain more heat.
This is what the Greenhouse effect said.
There were three important
contributions to this work, one purely mathematical, and two essentially
physical. In mathematics, Fourier said that any function of a variable that is
continuous or intermittent can be extended to the continuous signs of variable
multiplication. Although this result is not correct without additional conditions,
Fourier's observation that some intermittent functions are the sum of an
infinite series is a turning point. Fourier left an unfinished job of
determining and discovering the true roots of polynomials. It was edited by
Claude-Louis Navier and published in 1831. There are so many original things in
this work. In particular, Fourier's theorem on the true roots of polymorphism was published in 1820. In 1807 and 1811 France Bhutan published his theorem
independently. This is very close to Fourier's theorem (each theorem is
parallel to the other). In the 19th century, it was one of the most commonly
presented textbooks on the theory of equations.
By 1830, his health had declined.
Fourier had already suffered some attacks of aneurysms of the heart in Egypt and
Grenoble. In Paris, he often misunderstood the primary cause of shortness of
breath. He died on 16 May 25, 1830, in Paris, France at the age of 62. In 1849 a
bronze statue was erected at Axer. But it melted down for weapons during World
War II. Joseph Fourier University in Grenoble is named after him. His name is
also engraved on the 72 names engraved on the Eiffel Tower.
Information: Ramesh, Assistant
Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.
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