Today (November 8, 1923) is the birthday of Jack St. Clair Kilby, the pioneer of the electronic circuit and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics.
Jack St. Clair Kilby was born on
November 8, 1923, in Jefferson, Missouri to Hubert and Vina Friedak Kilby. Both
parents hold bachelor's degrees in science from the University of Illinois. It
was his father’s job as a manager of a local electrical company. It brought the
family from Jefferson City to Kansas. There he went from manager to application
leader. Kilby grew up and attended school in Great Bend, Kansas. Graduated from
Great Bend High School. Road signs at the city gates recall the time he was there.
Also, the Commons area at Great Bend High School is named The Jack Kilby
Commons Area.
Kilby received his bachelor of science degree from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. There he was an honorary member of the Acacia Brotherhood. In 1947, he graduated with a degree in electrical engineering. He received his master's degree in electrical engineering from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1950, while working for Centrallab, a division of the Globe-Union Corporation in Milwaukee. In mid-1958, Kilby, a newly hired engineer at Texas Instruments, spent the summer in trouble with a circuit design commonly known as the "tyranny of numbers." And finally concluded that the production of bulk circuit components in a semiconductor material could provide a solution. On September 12, he presented his findings to the company’s management. That includes Mark Sheppard.
Kilby showed a piece of germanium
attached to an oscilloscope. When a switch was pressed, the oscilloscope showed
a continuous sine wave. His integrated circuit proved to work. Thus he solved
the problem. The first integrated circuit was for "miniature electronic
circuits" in the US. Patent 3,138,743 filed February 6, 1959. Who
independently created a similar round a few months later with Robert Noise.
Kilby is generally credited as the co-inventor of the integrated circuit. Jack
Kilby went on to pioneer the military, industrial and commercial applications
of microchip technology. He led the teams that formed the first military
organization and the first computer that included integrated rounds. He
invented the portable calculator with Jerry Merriman and James von Dassall. He
was also responsible for the thermal printer used in early small data
terminals.
In 1970, he took leave from TI to
work as an independent inventor. He explored the use of silicon technology to
generate electricity from sunlight. From 1978 to 1984 he was Professor of
Electrical Engineering at the University of Texas A&M. In 1983, Kilby
retired from Texas Instruments. He was the pioneer in the creation of
electrical circuits by placing the electrical components used in microcircuits
such as a resistor, capacitor, diode, and transistor in a single bond. Although
he was an engineer, he was the first recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics in
2000 for his work on the first invention, based on the volume. He created the
set in 1958 while working for Texas Instruments. When talking about him, I
would like to mention the name of Robert Naisu, a co-contributor in the same
field. Robert Noyes disappeared in 1990; Otherwise, Pallor predicts he would
have won the award with Jack Kilby.
Nobel laureate Jack St. Clair
Kilby died of cancer on June 20, 2005, in Dallas, Texas, USA, at the age of 81.
On December 14, 2005, Texas Instruments created the historic TI Archives. Jack
Kilby's family donated his personal manuscripts and his personal photo gallery
to Southern Methodist University (SMU). The collection will be listed and
stored in the decollete Library, SMU. In 2008, the SMU School of Engineering,
along with the Decollete Library and the Library of Congress, held a one-year
celebration of the 50th anniversary of the birth of the digital age with
Kilby's Nobel Prize-winning integrated circuit. Symposia and exhibitions
explored the many ways in which technology and engineers shape the modern
world.
Source By: Wikipedia
Information: Ramesh, Assistant
Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.
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