Student Education Repository (மாணவர்கள் கல்விக் களஞ்சியம்): Today (December 14, 1989) is the anniversary of the Peace Nobel laureate Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov, best known for his design of thermonuclear weapons.

Monday, December 14, 2020

Today (December 14, 1989) is the anniversary of the Peace Nobel laureate Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov, best known for his design of thermonuclear weapons.

Today (December 14, 1989) is the anniversary of the Peace Nobel laureate Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov, best known for his design of thermonuclear weapons.

Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov was born on May 21, 1921, in Moscow, the Soviet Union. After graduating from college during World War II, Chakraborty was involved in secret scientific research for the government, rather than in the military. Sakharov was an outstanding scientist. In the 1950s the Soviets helped build the hydrogen atomic bomb. At the same time, he used nuclear energy in many peacekeeping missions. The atomic bomb he discovered turned him against the government. Nikita Khrushchev argued that he was conducting unnecessary nuclear tests. He advised that this would endanger the lives and health of the people. Fought for more freedom of expression. Thus, the government fired him. Coming out of a protected environment, Sakharov saw the anxious lives of other Soviet people.

Government repression prompted him to speak out further. He demanded freedom of religion and thus supported those who fought against the state. Thus he was imprisoned. The Soviet secret police began gathering information about him. Arab militants imprisoned him and his family at his home for more than an hour for criticizing Soviet Arab policies. They threatened to torture them terribly. But after an hour of doing nothing they were gone. When Sagarav reported the matter to the police, the police did not find it.

Sakharov’s popularity outside the Soviet Union forced the government to treat him with caution. The commoners feared that if anything happened to him their image would be tarnished. However, he was deported to Gorky in 1979 after criticizing the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan. His house there was constantly monitored by the police. In protest, Sakharov went on a hunger strike. The police forced him to eat. Chakraborty called for transparency called Glasnost. In 1986, Mikhail Gorbachev, who had agreed with Sakharov, released him and allowed him to return home.

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He is best known for designing nuclear weapons, coded as the third concept of the Soviet Union's nuclear program. He later fought for human rights and civil reforms in the Soviet Union. For this, he faced government persecution. Sakharov was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1975 for his efforts. In his honour, the European Parliament annually presents the Sakharov Prize to individuals and organizations dedicated to human rights. Sakharov, who continued to fight for reform, left the world on December 14, 1989, in Moscow, at the age of 68, in the Soviet Union. Two years after his death his dream came true. The Soviet Union was dissolved.

Source By: Wikipedia

Information: Ramesh, Assistant Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.