Student Education Repository (மாணவர்கள் கல்விக் களஞ்சியம்): Today (December 17, 1907) is the Memorial Day of Lord Kelvin (William Thomson) who made many outstanding discoveries in the fields of electromagnetism and thermodynamics.

Wednesday, December 16, 2020

Today (December 17, 1907) is the Memorial Day of Lord Kelvin (William Thomson) who made many outstanding discoveries in the fields of electromagnetism and thermodynamics.

William Thomson was born on June 26, 1824, in Belfast, Ireland. He was called Lord Kelvin. Father Samson Thomson was the son of a farmer, and mother Margaret Gardner. Of the children born to these parents, only four sons and two daughters survived. Of these, Champs Thomson and his brother Shams were first trained at home by their sister. William Thomson later studied multilingualism in London, Paris, Germany and the Netherlands. Much emphasis was placed on language education. William Thomson graduated from the University of Cambridge and later became a professor of mathematics at Belfast University. William Thomson's father did a lot of funding to join Cambridge and did many favours, from getting good recommendation letters.

William Thomson graduated in 1845 as Second Wrangler at the University of Cambridge. Won the Smith Prize for new research. Then in 1846, he became a professor of physics at Glasgow. He initially studied electromagnetism and tried unsuccessfully to establish telegraphic wires between the United Kingdom and the United States. However, he was awarded the title of 'Sir' in recognition of his Vida effort. He continued his studies in thermodynamics and proposed basic thermodynamics in 1849. This created a Kelvin temperature similar to that of Celsius. Here the base temperature is set to zero point (O K) (273 C). It is a masterpiece in thermodynamics and astronomy.

File:Thomson cathode ray exp.gif - Wikimedia Commons

William Thomson accurately predicted how long it would take for the Earth to take on the solid shape it currently exists from the initial, molten spherical rock mass. He performed this prediction due to his skill in thermodynamics. He also calculated the maximum boundary lifetime of the sun. He mathematically predicted the release of thermal energy into the sun due to the continuous exposure of thermal energy caused by contraction. This is called the Kelvin Helmholtz period. Although this was later known to be inappropriate, his discovery at a time when there were no suitable tools was praised. He is considered one of the greatest scientists of the 19th century. He has done many excellent studies in the fields of electromagnetism and thermodynamics.

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He recommended the establishment of an individual heat measurement system based on thermodynamics and conducted studies on it. He was named Lord Kelvin after the river Kelvin, which flows through the University of Glasgow in Scotland where he worked. In the individual temperature measurement system, Kelvin is used as the unit of heat in his memory. Kelvin passed away on December 17, 1907, at the age of 83 in Lorax. His body was buried near Sir Isaac Newton's tomb in his honour.

Source By: Wikipedia

Information: Ramesh, Assistant Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.