Today (September 09, 2003) is Edward Teller Memorial Day, the father of the hydrogen bomb, who made contributions to the fields of nuclear physics, molecular physics, and spectroscopy.
Edward Teller was born on January
15, 1908, in Budapest, Austria to a Jewish family. His parents were Ilona, a
pianist and Max Teller, a lawyer. He was educated at the Fasori Lutheran
Gymnasium and later at the Minda (Model) Gymnasium in Budapest. A man of Jewish
descent, Teller later became an ignorant Jew. God’s idea is that it would be
wonderful if He were. In many thousands of years we need him so much, but have
not seen him. Like Albert Einstein and Richard Feynman, Teller is a late
speaker. He developed the ability to speak better than most children. But
showed great interest in numbers. More fun counting the high number in his
head.
Teller left Hungary for Germany
in 1926, partly due to the discriminatory number class rule under the rule of
Mix Horti. The political environment and revolutions in Hungary during his
youth caused a lasting enmity between both communism and fascism in Teller.
From 1926 to 1928, Teller studied mathematics and chemistry at Carlsruhe
University. There he graduated with a degree in chemical engineering. Hermann
Mark was responsible for making him a physicist. He was a visiting professor.
After listening to lectures on the molecular spectrum, Mark clarified to him.
This changes the boundaries of chemistry as new ideas in physics become more
active. Mark was an expert in polymer chemistry. This is a field that is
essential for understanding biochemistry.
Mark taught him about the leading
advances in quantum physics developed by Louis de Brockley. It was this
revelation he received from Mark's discourses that prompted Teller to switch to
physics. After informing his father of his desire to change, his father became
very concerned. He traveled to visit him and talk to the professors at the
school. While a degree in chemical engineering is a surefire path to a
well-paying job at a chemical company, there is no such clear path to a career
with a degree in physics. He got his father’s permission to become a physicist
after discussions with his professors.
He made numerous contributions to
atomic and molecular physics, spectroscopy (especially the John-Teller and
Renner-Teller effects) and surface physics. The expansion of Enrico Fermi's
beta decay theory in the form of Como-Teller changes provided an important step
in its application. At the same time the John-Teller effect and the
Brunwer-Emmett-Teller (PET) theory retain their original formula which is still
predominant in physics and chemistry today. Teller also contributed to the
Thomas-Fermi theory. A standard modern tool in quantum mechanical treatment of
complex molecules, a precursor to the density function theory. In 1953, Teller
co-authored a paper with Nicholas Metropolis, Arian Rosenblut, Marshall
Rosenblut and his wife, Augusta Teller. This is the standard starting point for
applying the Monte Carlo method to statistical dynamics.
Teller was an early member of the
Manhattan Project. He was accused of creating the first atomic bomb. Proposed a
more solid pit blast design. It was a success. He also took a serious push to
develop the first fusion-based weapons. But these were postponed after World
War II. But he did not sign the Shillard petition, which sought to detonate the
bombs as a demonstration, not over a city. But then Silard agreed that it was
right. And bombs should not be thrown at insecure civilians. He was the
co-founder of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and has been its
director and co-director for many years. His former Los Alamos laboratory
supervisor, J. After his controversial negative testimony at the Oppenheimer
Defense Inquiry convened against Robert Oppenheimer, Teller was sidelined by
the majority of the scientific community.
However, the U.S. He continued to
seek the support of the government and the Military Research Institute.
Advocacy for nuclear development in particular, a strong nuclear arsenal and an
intensive nuclear test program. In his later years, Teller gained a reputation
for supporting controversial technical solutions, especially to military and
civilian problems. This included a plan to drill an artificial harbor in
Alaska, using a thermonuclear explosive known as a project chariot, Ronald
Reagan's strategic defense effort. Teller's contributions to science have
earned him numerous awards, including the Enrico Fermi Award and the Albert
Einstein Award.
He has made numerous
contributions in the fields of nuclear physics, molecular physics,
spectroscopy, and surface physics. Edward Teller, known as the father of the
hydrogen bomb, passed away on September 9, 2003 in Stanford, California at the
age of 95. He suffered a stroke two days ago. In a wish for his 100th birthday,
Lawrence Livermore scientists want to give him "the best
predictions-calculations and experiments" about the interiors of the
planets.
Source By: Wikipedia
Information: Ramesh, Assistant
Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.
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