Student Education Repository (மாணவர்கள் கல்விக் களஞ்சியம்): Today (January 24, 1966) is the Memorial Day of Homi Bhabha, the father of Indian nuclear science, who made a significant contribution to the Indian nuclear program.

Sunday, January 24, 2021

Today (January 24, 1966) is the Memorial Day of Homi Bhabha, the father of Indian nuclear science, who made a significant contribution to the Indian nuclear program.

Today (January 24, 1966) is the Memorial Day of Homi Bhabha, the father of Indian nuclear science, who made a significant contribution to the Indian nuclear program.

Homi Jehangir Bhabha was born on October 30, 1909, in a comfortable Parsi family in Mumbai. Homi Bhabha fell asleep in less time when he was a child. His parents were worried about the lack of normal sleep like other children. Concerned parents took him to a reputable doctor for a check-up, thinking it was a physical problem. But only then did the parents realize that Homi Bhabha's presence was not inferior and that he was unique. They suggested that they sleep less because of more active brainwashing thoughts. Realizing that his son had been obsessed with science since childhood, Jahangir Bhabha set up a separate library of Homi Bhabha at home and bought science books in it. The father had a desire that his son should develop into a better engineer. But Bhabha wanted to become a better physicist. At an early age, he finished reading all the science books in the home library.

Bhabha's father sent him to England to make him an engineer. He left Cambridge in 1927 to study engineering at his father's request. After graduating from high school in 1930, Bhabha joined the research department as a research student in the field of theoretical physics. Homi Bhabha undertook various studies that marked a turning point in his life to pursue his higher studies as a research student in physics as he travelled towards his dreams after fulfilling his father’s wish. I had the opportunity to get acquainted with many of the world's foremost scientists in the UK. Rutherford, one of the so-called fathers of physics, discovered the existence of proton particles. He also befriended great scientists such as Drake, Niels Bohr, and Heidler. Homi Bhabha your thoughts flourished further. He worked with eminent physicists such as Enrico Fermi and Wolfgang Pauly.

In 1933, Isaac Newton was awarded a scholarship for his scientific paper on the role of electron precipitation in the absorption of gamma rays. He received his doctorate in 1934. In 1937, Homi and Heidler, a German physicist, made a world-famous study of cosmology. Homi Bhabha, who also played a key role in research with leading physicists, published his calculations on electron-positron scattering in 1935. The department was later renamed Bhabha Skating in honour of his research. In addition, further research revealed that a fundamental particle called meson was present in the galaxy. He also showed evidence for Einstein's theory of relativity by studying Meson's motion. This mezzanine testimonial is very popular. He returned to India in 1939 to rest for a while after a series of scientific studies.

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Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was proud to be the first Prime Minister of the country for the development of the Indian science sector and to make progress in various fields in India. In that sense, Bhabha was one of the intellectuals who gave the advice to guide independent India on the path of development. Even after spending hours discussing various matters with Bhabha, Nehru's daughter Indira Gandhi has mentioned her close friendship with Bhabha on various occasions. Bhabha, who laid the foundation for the emergence of eminent scientists at the Indian Science Training Center, was the first to study the production of uranium isotopes and the refining of uranium in India, travelling towards his next goals in physics and research. It was Bhabha's serious initiative that led to the launch of the first nuclear research centre in India. Launched in 1945 in Mumbai as the Tata Basic Research Center, the research centre was initially housed in a small rented building. He stressed the need for India to rise in the nuclear field when India gained independence in 1947. Bhabha maturely said that nuclear power generation and the nuclear bomb would showcase India's strength to the world.

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The Atomic Energy Commission of India was established in 1948 at the initiative of Bhabha. Homi Bhabha took charge as its chairman. From then until he died in 1966, he served as the Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission of India for 18 years. It was during this period that the Bhabha Atomic Energy Research Center in Mumbai was established. The foundations were also laid for the construction of nuclear power plants in various parts of the country. Bhabha made the world look back at India by proposing thorium as an alternative to the uranium used as fuel by the nations of the world to gain power. With foresight, he calculated the country's uranium depletion and thorium abundance and developed three steps to generate electricity from thorium. This is the foundation for India to move towards self-sufficiency in the nuclear sector.

Although Homi Bhabha did not receive the Nobel Prize, he is proud to have been nominated for it 5 times. In 1954, the Government of India honoured him with the Padma Bhushan, the third largest award in the country. He is the recipient of the Royal Society's Fellowship Award for world-renowned scientific geniuses such as Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin and Michael Faraday. Homi J Bhabha chaired the first meeting of an international conference organized by the United Nations in Geneva to discuss how to use nuclear energy creatively. How he conducted this seminar and how he encouraged the use of nuclear energy for creative purposes has earned him great respect internationally. In Geneva, he effectively argued that nuclear power could be used peacefully, given the perception that nuclear power was destructive. A scientist does not belong to any nation. They are the ones who strive for mankind for the world. Bhabha often said that the doors of the scientific world should remain open. Atomic physicist Homi Bhabha, a key contributor to India's nuclear program, died on January 24, 1966, at the age of 56, when his plane crashed while attending an international conference.

Source By: Wikipedia

Information: Ramesh, Assistant Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.