Today (July 29, 1994) is the Memorial Day of Dorothy Mary Hodgkin, winner of the Nobel Prize in X-ray crystallography.
Dorothy Mary Hodgkin was born on May 12, 1910 in Cairo, Egypt. He
graduated in chemistry from Oxford University in 1932. In 1933, a crystallographer,
along with Dr. J. D. Bernal, recorded the first X-ray model of a spherical
protein. This ensured that the design of a protein molecule was stable.
Furthermore, he excluded crystal layer molecules and samples of their hydrogen
bonds from the study. Mary's study, which paved the way for three-dimensional
computation, was considered a milestone in the history of chemistry. In 1937
she married Thomas Hodgkin, a doctoral student at the University of Cambridge.
In 1947 he became a member of the Royal Society, a British scientific
institution. From 1948 to 1956 he was a professor at the University of
Cambridge and the University of Oxford.
From 1942 to 1949 Mary sought to understand the structure of penicillin. Although it was discovered by X-ray crystallization in 1945, it took him four more years to complete the study. In 1955 he took X-ray scattering of vitamin B-12. In 1961, Mary confirmed the composition of naturally occurring vitamin B-12. This discovery was used to treat anemia due to the ability of vitamin B-12 to make red blood cells. Mary received the Nobel Prize in 1964 for her discovery of the structure of B12. Insulin research, which began in 1934, was one of the most extraordinary research projects. He needed a small sample of crystal insulin and was given it by Robert Robinson. Insulin stimulated his thinking because of the complex and pervasive effect that that hormone has on the body. However, not enough X-rays were developed to detect the complex structure of the insulin molecule. Many people worked with him for many years to improve the technology. Thirty-five years later, in 1969, his study of the insulin system reached its final conclusion.
The influence of Professor John Desmond Bernal, Mary's science mentor
and world - renowned scientist and member of the Communist Party of Britain,
was felt in her scientific and political career. Proud to have adopted and
raised more than 75 children in many countries around the world. She is the
second woman (after Florence Nightingale) to receive the Order of Merit in
1965, and the first woman to receive the Copley Medal (2014). In 1970 Dorothy
was appointed Chancellor of the University of Bristol. He was also the
President of the International Federation of Pathologists from 1972 to 1978.
Received the Nobel Prize in X-ray Crystallography in 1964. He used X-form maps
to illustrate the atomic structure, thereby discovering that the atoms in the
forms have the same sequential structure. Dorothy Mary Hodgkin passed away on
July 29, 1994 at the age of 84 in Izmiston, England from a heart attack.
Source By: Wikipedia
Information: Ramesh, Assistant Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.
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