Today (November 22, 1904) is the birthday of Louis Neel, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics for his study of the magnetic properties of solids.
Louis Eugene Felix Neel was born
on November 22, 1904, in Illinois, France. He attended Lycee du Parc in Eleanor.
He then studied at the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris. He then received his
doctorate in science from the University of Strasbourg. He received the Nobel
Prize in Physics in 1970 for his study of the magnetic properties of solids.
The study of solid magnetic properties led to many advances in computer memory.
Around 1930 he said that there might be a whole new kind of magnetism. This is
called antiferromagnetism. Like an iron magnet, but the magnetic atoms inside
an object stand in the opposite direction without a magnetic field in the same
direction and are almost devoid of magnetism. But will have some magnetism at
lower temperatures.
This magnetic field is lost as
the temperature rises. In 1947 he discovered a similar, but slightly opposite
magnetic field characteristic of ferrous iron. This microscopic iron
magnetism also disappears as the blue temperature rises. Louis Neel also
described the soft magnetism found in rocks. The result of his study is the
history of the magnetic field of the globe. Ferrimagnetism is a type of soft
electromagnetism found in some solids. The magnets of the iron cells in the
iron stand in the same direction. But the direction of the magnetic field of
the atoms in the material, which is called a magnetic iron magnet, can be
opposite.
The magnetic field of some atoms
is accidental in one direction and the magnetic field of others is in the
opposite direction, although below a certain Curie temperature, these opposite
magnets can show magnetism in one direction only. Magnetite and iron oxide
(Fe3O4) belong to this type of small magnetic iron magnet.
The microscopic iron magnet, like
the iron magnet, automatically has a magnetic field below the Curie
temperature but also has magnetic elements standing in opposite directions.
Below the Curie temperature, there is a magnetization compensation point where
the magnetic moment of the crystals in the material is exactly the opposite. Apart
from this, there is also a position called the angular momentum offset point.
This condition allows the magnetic field to change direction rapidly. Louis
Eugene Belle Neel, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics for his study of the
magnetic properties of solids, died in France on November 17, 2000, at the age
of 95.
Source By: Wikipedia
Information: Ramesh, Assistant
Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.
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