Student Education Repository (மாணவர்கள் கல்விக் களஞ்சியம்): Today (January 26, 1823) is the Memorial Day of Dr. Edward Jenner, the father of the immune system, who invented the vaccine for smallpox.

Tuesday, January 26, 2021

Today (January 26, 1823) is the Memorial Day of Dr. Edward Jenner, the father of the immune system, who invented the vaccine for smallpox.

Today (January 26, 1823) is the Memorial Day of Dr Edward Jenner, the father of the immune system, who invented the vaccine for smallpox.

Edward Jenner was born on May 17, 1749, in Berkeley, England, the eighth of nine children. His father, Reverend Stephen Jenner, was a priest in the village. This paved the way for Jenner to receive excellent basic education. Jenner attended school in Wotton and Cirencester. It was during this time that he became interested in trying to find a cure for smallpox. At the age of fourteen, he joined Daniel Ludlow, a surgeon in Chipping Choudbury, for medical training. He was selected as an outstanding surgeon due to his seven years of training. A belief that existed among the farm people at the time instilled in Jenner the idea of finding a cure for measles. The belief is that once a man suffers from a disease called cowpox, the same man will not get the disease.

They, therefore, believed that Cowbox disease should be prevented to prevent smallpox. That belief was dismissed by other contemporary physicians as lay faith. Only Jenner began to examine whether this was true. Letting go for about twenty years did various researches. Meanwhile, in 1770 he worked as a renowned surgeon and physiotherapist at St. George's Hospital. Jenner was nominated for membership of the Royal Society of England for her interest in nature and outstanding work. After training, he returned to his hometown of Berkeley in 1773. He was also an excellent doctor there. Nature enthusiast Jenner studied the lifestyle of quills, particularly the physiological changes that occur in chicks within 12 days of hatching, and the cause. A kind of pressure is exerted on the back of the quill chick which is placed in the nest of other birds. It is because of this pressure that it differs from other bird chicks. But his study was only accepted after the release of photographs of Quill's lifestyle in the 20th century. Elected by the Royal Society in 1788.

Edward Jenner | Jenner, Creative professional, Design

Edwards Jenner married Catherine Kingscott in March 1788 and fathered three children. She is the daughter of Anthony Kingscott, owner of Kingscote Park in Gloucestershire. In 1792 he received his medical degree from the University of St. Andrews. He was a renowned physician in Gloucestershire. Jenner is also credited with first researching and publishing about angina pectoris. In his letter to Hibernian, he also mentioned that the coronary arteries affected by this pain were unable to perform their functions. The vaccination system has been in practice since 1721. But the disease could not be controlled completely. Lady Mary Woodley Montagu was importing the vaccine used in Britain when she went with her husband, who was the British ambassador to Istanbul. But in this case, 60% of the population died of 20% of the 60% of people affected by smallpox. The Turkish people have been using this method from the Zirkans.

First vaccine process in 1796 by Edward Jenner. Science is writing it down. - Album on Imgur

In 1765, Dr John Foster sent his essay to the London Medical Institute on how gonorrhoea can be prevented by measles. But he could not give an explanation. Jenner was convinced that at the end of twenty years of research, the villagers' beliefs were based on the desire to find a cure for smallpox. On May 14, 1796, Jenner tried to vaccinate his gardener's son, James Pips, an eight-year-old boy against measles. James injected milk into Pipps' body with a syringe taken from a cowboy blister in the hand of a farm woman named Sara Nilmesu. As expected, the boy contracted gonorrhoea. But soon recovered.

A few weeks later she injected the same boy with a measles germ. The other doctors teased him and whipped him saying he was playing with the boy's life. But Jenner did not give up and injected the boy with the vaccine. As the villagers thought, the boy did not develop measles, as Jenner had researched and confirmed. Confirming that the measles vaccine had been obtained, the boy, James Pips, also had an immortal place in medical history. Zombies are also featured on the wall in St. George Medical College Library in Tooting. He then did further research and published his findings in 1798 in a book entitled A Study of the Causes and Consequences of Measles.

Before Edward Jenner, as early as the 1770s, five inventors from England and Germany (Sewell, Jensen, Benjamin Justy, Randell, Blade) had successfully tested the vaccine against gonorrhoea in humans affected by gonorrhoea. Benjamin Jesty was successful in administering the measles vaccine to himself and his wife and two children. But the results of 20 years of research by Edward Jenner were understandable. Punching was made compulsory in the British Army and Navy. Following this, measles spread throughout Europe. Francisco Xavier de Palmis travelled around the world aiming to eradicate smallpox through the vaccine system discovered by Edward Jenner. He travelled continuously for three years and was vaccinated in the United States, the Philippines, Macau, China, and the island of St. Helena. Thus Jenner's fame spread rapidly throughout the world.

It is the nature of most people to go down in an attempt to monetize any invention. But Jenner, who loved nature immensely, gave it to the world for free without thinking of patenting his invention. He stabbed Smallpox for free for the poor simpletons. Every day up to three hundred poor people lined up in front of his medical room and were vaccinated against measles. He is best known as the father of the immune system. His invention helped to save human lives from the deadly disease more than any other invention. Desiring to honour his contribution to the medical world and to thank the world for his discovery without thinking of gain, the British Parliament awarded him a prize of ten thousand pounds in 1802. Four years later he was rewarded with a further twenty thousand pounds. With it, he founded the National Vaccine Institute in 1808. Smallpox was hailed around the world as the one who wiped out the disease. Various awards and medals were sought after by him.

The contribution of a single man, Edward Jenner, to the medical world is paramount. Without him, millions more would have died of measles. The World Health Organization (WHO) announced in 1980 that his donation to the world had wiped out measles. In 1810 his eldest son died. So Jenner retired from the medical profession and research. But he also spent time helping others and enjoying nature. Five years later his wife also died of natural causes. Jenner, who had a great love for his wife, broke up. He suffered a stroke on January 23, 1823. He suffered a second stroke before recovering from it. Edward Jenner died in Berkeley, England, on January 26, 1823, at the age of 73, for the discovery of a vaccine for smallpox.

Source By: Wikipedia

Information: Ramesh, Assistant Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.