Today (April 12, 1971) is the anniversary of the Nobel Prize-winning Soviet Russian physicist Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm, who discovered electromagnetic radiation.
Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm was born
on July 08, 1895, in Vladivostok, Russia. When World War I broke out in 1914,
he joined the army as a volunteer field doctor. In 1917 he joined the
revolutionary movement. He returned to Moscow State University and graduated in
1918 with a degree in physics. He began teaching in educational institutions
and continued his higher education. He first rose to become an assistant
teacher, then a teacher, a lecturer, and a professor. He holds a PhD in Physics
and Mathematics. From 1934 to 1971 he served as head of the theoretical physics
department at the Moscow Lebedev Institute of Physics.
His early research was on the
bizarre shape of electron bonding found on the surface of solids and the
quantum theory of scattered light in solids. In 1934, Tamm and Schmidt
Alchschuller suggested that a neutron had a zero magnetic field. Since the
neutron was thought to be an elementary particle with a zero phase, the idea
was sceptical at the time. Thus there can be no magnetic field. In the same
year, Tamm developed the idea that proton-neutron interactions could be
described as a transmission force propagated by an unknown particle. This idea
was later developed by Hideki Yukawa as a theory of mission forces. In 1934 he
discovered that light is emitted when gamma rays pass through liquid objects.
His focus then shifted to
research on the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. He devised a
"method of explaining the reactions of atomic particles". He worked
with the Soviet Thermonuclear Bomb Project from 1940-to 50. Served as "head of
the theoretical division for the manufacture of hydrogen bombs." He
resigned after the success of the first hydrogen bomb test. He discovered and
introduced a simple calculation method called 'Dame Donkoff Approximation'
regarding radiation.
He was one of three Soviet
researchers who discovered that "electromagnetic radiation" was
emitted when charged material passed through an insulator. Igor Dame shared the
1958 Nobel Prize in Physics with them for their discovery of the
Cherenkov-Vavilov effect. In this way, the velocity of particles such as
electrons and protons can be calculated. Lomonosov received the Gold Medal, the
Socialist Labor Hero Order Stalin's Prize. Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm, who spent
the rest of his life doing scientific and mathematical research, passed away on
April 12, 1971, in Moscow, Russia, at the age of 75.
Source By: Wikipedia.
Information: Ramesh, Assistant
Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.
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