Today (April 23, 1858) is the Birthday of Max Planck, the Nobel Prize-winning German physicist and founder of Quantum Theories.
Karl Ernst Ludwig Marx Plank, popularly known as Max Planck, was born on April 23, 1858, in Kiel, Germany. Belonging to a traditionally intelligent family. His paternal grandfather, Patton, was a professor at Theological College. His father was a law professor in Kiel and Munich. One of the father's siblings served as a judge. He studied at the University of Munich, Berlin, and at the age of 21 received his doctorate in physics from the University of Munich. For some time he worked as a lecturer at the University of Munich and later at the University of Kiel. In 1880 he became a professor at the University of Berlin. He worked there until his retirement in 1928 at the age of 70.
In 1894, Planck began to study black matter radiation. He was then hired by the power companies to generate maximum light through electric lights with minimal energy. Kirchhoff mentions this radiation in 1859. He asked, "How can an intense electromagnetic radiation from a black object depend on the frequency of that radiation or on the temperature of that object?" The answer to this question was explained by experiments. Predicted correctly at high frequencies, but failed at low frequencies. In another approach to this radiation, Raleigh sought to explain the genes rules, which later became known as the "ultraviolet catastrophe", but this was contrary to many textbooks and was never a motivation for Planck.
In 1899, Planck first proposed a solution to the problem of electromagnetic radiation. This is what Blanc called the "theory of fundamental disorder." And this helped him to obtain the Viennese law from many assumptions about the randomness of an ideal oscilloscope. This is called the Vian-Planck rule. Experiments proving this new rule soon found that they did not confirm Plank's rule. Planck reconsidered his approach. This led to the formation of the fate of the famous Planck black matter radiation. This is well described by the black-matter emitted wavelength tested. This rule was first proposed at a meeting of the DPG on October 19, 1900. Published in 1901. This first rule does not explain how to measure energy efficiency.
In November 1900, Planck rearranged the rules of his radiation by understanding Boltzmann's statistical explanation of thermodynamics, the basic principle of the second law, as a means of gaining a more basic understanding of the principles behind his law of radiation. The central theme behind the new classification given to the DPG on December 14, 1900, is the concept known as the Blank proposal. Electromagnetic energy can only be injected in a measurable form. In other words, energy is the product of a basic unit. E = hν, which is called the Planck constant. This is also known as Planck's quantum. Stands for the frequency of the radiation. The power E discussed here is always denoted as hν. ν is not referred to alone.
Physicists now call these quanta photons. Further frequency is a photon with its own specific and unique energy. The total energy at that frequency is equal to hν and its energy is obtained by multiplying by the number of photons at that frequency. In the late 1920s, Heisenberg and Polynheim published Copenhagen's explanation of quantum mechanics. But this was rejected by Blanc. Rejected by Schrdinger, Lau and Einstein. Planck was of the unreasonable idea that wave mechanics would soon be due to quantum theory. However, this is not true. And only confirmed a new quantum theory alone against his work and Einstein's theoretical arguments.
Through his many years of experience, Planck realizes the truth about his past old ideas, corrects mistakes, and becomes inclined to accept alternative ideas. A new scientific discovery not only triumphs over its adversaries but also brings about a light of hope for the future. Thus the opposing views disappear. And the new generation is realizing this and growing well.
In 1905, the hitherto unknown Albert Einstein published three papers on the theory of special relativity in the scientific journal Physics. Blanc was one of the few who immediately recognized the importance of the theory of special relativity. This theory was soon widely adopted in Germany. Planck has contributed significantly to the expansion of the theory of special relativity. For example, he rewrote the theory based on traditional physics. In 1918 Blank was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for quantum mechanics.
Planck was a member of the Lutheran Church in Germany. However, Planck was very tolerant of alternative views and religions. In a lecture entitled "Religion and the Natural Sciences" in 1937, he emphasized the importance of this symbol and that the rites of worship of God are directly related to the ability of a believer. But it must be remembered that those symbols give an absurd interpretation of divinity. He criticized atheism for focusing on imagining such symbols, while at the same time warning believers to underestimate the importance of such symbols.
Planck said in 1944 that I had devoted my entire life as a human being to the clearest masterpieces of science and the study of atoms. As a result of my research on these atoms, I can say one thing: the beginning and end of all atoms are all particles of an atom vibrating as a result of some force or force and thus uniting this solar system at this very moment. We must consider this power as the existence of a conscious and intellectual mindset. This mind is just above all things.
A scientist is considered to have both imagination and faith. Because "both religion and science require faith in God. For spiritualists, God is always at the beginning. For physicists, God is at the end of all theories. For the former, God is the crown, and for the latter, God is like the crown of common worldviews. Max Planck at the age of 89, on October 4, 1947, passed away in Gottingen, Germany.
Source By: Wikipedia
Information: Ramesh, Assistant Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.
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