Today (April 25, 1874) is the birthday of Guglielmo Marconi, the father of a Nobel Prize-winning radio inventor who invented the long-range radio with valves.
"Reading the airwaves news" In the 80s and 90s there could not
be people who were not mesmerized by hearing this word on the radio. Marconi is
currently known as the father of long-distance radio broadcasting. Guglielmo
Marconi was born on April 25, 1874, in Bologna, Italy. Father Kaisab Marconi.
Ready Anne Jameson is from Ireland. His father was an Italian grandson. Thus,
Marconi had a comfortable life at a young age. His primary education was in
Bologna, Florence, and Leghorn. Miki was interested in his studies during
his youth.
He read science books at the library at home. Even after growing up, he
did not study at a university. Teachers came to teach him at home. He became
more interested in physics, especially electronics. In 1905 he married Marconi O'Brien.
The couple had three daughters and a son. The couple divorced a few years
later.
The concept of electromagnetic waves in the Marconi period was published
by the scholar James Clark Maxwell. Heinrich Rudolph Hertz confirmed them through
further research. The principles of electromagnetic waves were previously
derived from the research of James Clark Maxwell and Michael Faraday. Can
transmit electromagnetic waves. Hertz further explained that they travel in
straight lines across space and can be obtained using experimental
instruments. The experiments were not followed by Hertz.
Oliver Lodge in the UK was also involved in the study. He also had a
patent for it. But he sold the rights to Marconi. In 1894, the Indian physicist
Jagadish Chandra Bose demonstrated electromagnetic radio transmission in
Kolkata. Jagadish Chandra Bose developed the earlier wireless information
detection device during this period. He also helped increase knowledge of
millimetre-long electromagnetic waves. But he did not receive a patent for it
and did not pursue the study. The news was published in 1896 in the English
daily 'Daily Chronicle' England.
In 1891-93, Nikola Tesla, a scientist, confirmed and patented his
invention of the radio. It has been alleged that Marconi did the research with
Tesla's wire coil. Tesla was sued by Tesla for his research using 17 of my
patented tools and was sentenced to be the first inventor of the radio. But it was
not until years later that Marconi appealed and a favourable verdict was handed
down. After Hertz died in 1894, Augusto Wright, a professor of physics at
the University of Bologna, began further research with Hertz's notes. Marconi
then joined him in accompanying him. Practical applications of wireless
communication and remote control technologies were implemented by later
inventors.
Marconi has been doing solo research in his home as well. He expressed the idea that 'electromagnetic waves can flow through any object'. In 1894 he sent gestures by electric waves. He was involved in creating the 'wireless telegraph system' with radio waves. This method has been tried by many for 50 years but no results have been achieved. But Marconi succeeded in communicating it in 1895 with a device called a 'directional antenna' that could send a message about 1.5 km away. The Italian government paid no heed to this rare endeavour.
So, Marconi went to London and explained the news of his study there.
William Freese, the chief engineer of the English Post Office, was interested and
encouraged by his research. In March 1897, after a series of researches, Morse
developed an electromagnetic transmitter to transmit the waveform over a
distance of 6 km. On May 13, 1897, through the water, 'Are you ready?'
Developed a transmitter that transmits the message over a distance of about 14
km. Freel, who was fascinated by his research, lectured at the Toynbee Hall on
December 11, 1896, entitled "Telegraph without wire." He then
assisted the Royal Society in presenting its explanations. In 1897 the Marconi
Company was started in England. In 1897 he made contact with the ship 18 miles
from shore. In 1899 he made a wireless connection across the English Channel to
England and France, operating at any time, for a radius of 200 miles.
It was only after the Italian government noticed this that it turned its
attention to Marconi. As a result, he conducted several experiments on his
native soil in July 1897 at La Spezia. There, with the help of the government,
Marconi set up a radio station in Steiner. He said the news from there was
about 20km away. Reached the warships beyond. In 1898 he set up a radio in his
company's name on the ship East Godwin. Sometime later another vessel collided
with the ship. So the sinking of the ship occurred. Marconi immediately spread
the word about the danger of drowning through a radio station. Rescue boats from the
lighthouse rescued them. In 1905 several merchant ships and warships
installed Marconi's wireless communications equipment and connected with shore
stations. Marconi's rare devices were later used extensively in the navies of
England and Italy.
In 1899 a large boat race was held in New York City, USA. Marconi then fitted his equipment on board the ship and made the results of the match available to reporters immediately. Through this, the United States realized the need for radio. Mathematical experts do not accept the spread of radio. Because the world is round, radio broadcasting can go straight up to a hundred miles. They sought to thwart Marconi's efforts by claiming that the curve of the globe would not spread over it. But Marconi continued his work without heeding it all.
In 1900 he created a long-distance radio station. He planted a
200-foot-high pole and attached a barbed wire to it. The hurricane threw the
pole down due to natural causes. Marconi lowered his height slightly and
planted another pole to connect the Atlantic surface with his radio. On
12-12-1901 he crossed the Atlantic for 2100 miles and sent the message. The
news was announced around the world. His pride spread all over the world. In
1907 they were further refined and Atlantic telecommunications became widely
available to the public. Marconi did more research and invented and used a
device that produces series waves. He proved that it could send messages tens
of thousands of miles away.
Marconi's radio studies were recognized, and in 1909 Marconi was awarded
the Nobel Prize, along with the German Carl Ferdinand Brown, who had already
done extensive research on wireless telegraphy. He lost his right eye in a car
accident in 1912. However, the research continued. When World War I broke out in
1914, he used radio in Italy's ground and navy. Volunteered as a member of the
U.S. War Committee. He supported Mussolini and joined the Italian Fascist
Party. In 1919, when the war subsided and peace was restored, he was honoured to
sign several treaties for his homeland. In 1920, Mussolini conferred on him the
title of Marquis.
In 1930 he was elected President of the Italian Royal Academy. Proud to
have been awarded the Britz of America medal. England was proud to present
Victoria with the Great Cross. Marconi died in Rome, Italy, on July 20, 1937, at the
age of 63. The radio stations all paid tribute to the two-minute radio silence.
Radio has been entertaining the people of the world for over eighty years. It
serves not only as an entertainment device but also as a repository of
information. Despite the advent of television and the Internet, radio still has
a place in many people's lives.
Radio is a good friend to many of you, and many who fall asleep
listening to the radio. Many people wake up listening to the radio. Twenty-four
hours is enough to accelerate that key for any second and the music crawling in
the airwaves will come and hit your ears. Those who think they have to say thank
you after listening to a good show on the radio should really thank Marconi.
Anything can be achieved if there is hard work combined with vision and
perseverance. Anyone who follows these attributes will surely be captivated by
that sky.
Source By: Wikipedia
Information: Ramesh, Assistant Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial
College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.
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