Wednesday, June 9, 2021

Today (June 9, 1781) is the birthday of George Stephenson, a British engineer who invented the steam locomotive of Train.

Today (June 9, 1781) is the birthday of George Stephenson, a British engineer who invented the steam locomotive of Train.

 

George Stephenson was born on June 9, 1781, in Wylam, Northumberland, England. Father's name is Robert. Thai Maple. Their second son, George Stephenson, was born. His father worked in a coal mine. His father was low paid and he could not go to school due to poverty in the family. Initially, his job was to herd cattle. Then at the age of seventeen, he worked in a coal mine with his father. The wages earned here helped him to attend night school. As he began to study, so did the quality of his work. In 1802 he married Frances Henderson. He later moved to Wellington. He also worked in a mine there. At other times he went to work, making shoes and repairing watches. These gave George Stephenson a high income.

 

In 1803 he had a son, Robert. In 1804 he settled in Westmoor, Killingworth. While he was working there, a daughter was born and died a few weeks later. In 1806 his wife also died. He then had the opportunity to work in Scotland, leaving his son Robert to his sister Eleanor. A few months after he left for Scotland, his father lost his sight in a mine accident. So he had to return home. In 1820 he remarried Elizabeth Hindmarsh, the daughter of a farmer. They did not have children. Elizabeth, who lived a short time, died in 1825.

 

He was called in to repair a water pipe in Killingworth. After successfully completing it, he was hired to oversee the steam-powered traps. He was then involved in the development of a safety lamp to prevent fires in the mines. At the same time, the famous scientist Sir Humphrey Davy was involved in a similar endeavor. Stephenson, who had no scientific knowledge, succeeded in that endeavor. A wire net was set up around Davy's lamp. Stephenson's lamp was mounted on a glass cylinder. George Stephenson was accused of setting the lamp in line with Davy's opinion. This is because Davey had given the Royal Society the details of his discovery of the lamp just a month before his discovery. But after the trial, it was ruled that George had found it alone. Davy's party refused to accept how an uneducated person could have discovered this. In 1933 the House of Commons examined the matter and refused to accept Davy's argument.

 

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He attempted to design a steam-powered engine. Richard Trevidick invented the first steam engine in 1804. It ran on a wooden rail at a speed of four miles per hour. George Stephenson overcame its shortcomings and in 1825 built an iron railroad track from Stockton to Darlington and drove it by a steam engine. The engine then made was the world-famous 'Rocket' train. Before this, in 1820, 13 km. In the distance, he set up the railroad from Hayton Tunnel to Sunderland and drove the train. This was the first train to run on its own without the aid of animal power.

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In 1821 the UK government decided to set up a distance route of 40 Km. The task was handed over to George Stephenson. Stephenson was assisted in his attempt by his 18-year-old son, Robert. He created the 'Robert Stephenson Company' to build such railroads and hired his son Robert as its managing director. The company established several railroads throughout the UK. The width of the tracks he built was 1440 mm (1.4 m). This measure was later followed in the construction of the worldwide railway. For about 10 years thereafter, George Stephenson continued to build railroads in various locations. Trains that still run today testify to his fame as an illiterate scientist.

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The Industrial Revolution was sparked by the efforts of George Stephenson to run trains and build railroads. Who is hailed as the father of the railroad? He laid the rails for the world's first public railroad for the transport of steam locomotives. At 4 feet 8 1/2 inches (1,435 mm) long, the railroad he built is still world-class today. It’s called the “Stephenson Path”. His inventions were of great help in obtaining the materials needed for production, in obtaining the manufactured goods, selling them in the markets, and sending the goods to the required places without hassle. In 1847 George Stephenson was elected the first president of the Institute of Mechanical Engineers.

 

George Stephenson, the father of the railroad, died in England on August 12, 1848, at the age of 67, of pneumonia. Items used by George Stephenson are on display in a room at the Museum in Chesterfield, Derbyshire. A brass statue of him is kept at Chesterfield Railway Station. There is also a train engine model called 'Rocket' which he designed. The Bank of England has issued banknotes printed with his portrait and postage stamps have been issued in his honor.

Source By: Wikipedia

Information: Ramesh, Assistant Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.




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