Today (June 19, 1623) is the birthday of the Blaise Pascal, who discovered the properties of pressure and vacuum through the study of Evangelista Torricelli.

Today (June 19, 1623) is the birthday of Blaise Pascal, who discovered the properties of pressure and vacuum through the study of Evangelista Torricelli.

 

Blaise Pascal was born on June 19, 1623. Pascal moved to Paris with his father and two sisters at the age of seven. The father was a tax collector and was also involved in science and mathematics. Pascal and his sisters have immense intellect. But he alone was not in good health. So his father decided that he should not pursue mathematics. However, this is what sparked his interest in learning mathematics. It first sought geometry. Messi bought Euclid's book 'Elements' and gifted it to his father's son's interest and energy. At the age of 14, Blaise Pascal was admitted to Father Mercer's Debate Council. It was Mersin's Debating Society that later became the French Academy of Sciences.

 

At the age of 16, he wrote a long article about conical cuts as a great achievement in geometry. One of his innovations is still known today as the Pascal Theorem. A six-sided polygon is inserted into a cone. If the sides are stretched on both sides and on the opposite sides AB and DE meet at points P, BC, EF, Q, CD, AF, and R, then P, Q, and R are all three in a straight line. In addition to inventing and installing this one theorem, Pascal established almost everything we know about cones from it as a 400-branch theorem. Using Descartes' projection of the day, Pascal showed that his theorem was true for all cones.

 

In the history of mathematics, the first distraction from the fact that mathematics is more than just finding quantities and predicting quantities was the creation of many inventions similar to Pascal's theorem in the 17th century. This is not distance geometry. The dimensions of the fall geometry, lines, and angles are not discussed. The distance properties spoken of in normal geometry do not remain constant in the cone fall. But the Pascal theorem is a variable for the cone fall. In the days before the invention of calculus, Pascal, Fermat, and Descartes were considered the pioneers of French mathematics.

 

Although the Pascal Triangle bears his name, it is found in a Chinese text printed as early as 1303. This triangle was published and used in his probability book. The value of this triangle used to predict binomials only became apparent after it was used in Pascal's probability problems. That is why it is still known today as the Pascal Triangle. It was only when he thought deeply about this triangle 'between' its lines that Newton came up with the idea of ​​generalizing his binomial theorem to later layers and the intuition of what the generality of the theory would be for layers 1/2, 3/2, etc. It is noteworthy that Newton did not give any installation to the generality behind the later layers of his theorem.

  

Discovered Pascal's law on the pressure of fluids. According to this rule, the pressure given in a closed vessel filled with liquid throughout is equal to that in all parts of the vessel. The force exerted by the pressure is equal to the force on the vessel and perpendicular to the surface of the vessel. This pressure does not depend on the shape of the container. His contribution to the development of computers and to hydrodynamics is significant. Evangelista Torricelli demonstrated the properties of pressure and vacuum. It was from his works that the method of induction, which is today a basic installation method throughout the mathematical world, and ideas that appear based on probability, which is spoken of every day not only in the mathematical world but also in everyday life and in extraterrestrial life, become more and more actively used.

 

In 1642, at the age of 18, he invented the first addition system in history. For this, he created fifty different models and is said to have finally succeeded. Over the next ten years, he developed a total of 20 additional machines. Apart from this, Pascal has made a great achievement in geometry in his 16th year. He then discovered the probability theory of Pierre de Fermat. It is used to predict the development of modern economics and social sciences. Between 1658 and 1659 he wrote about the properties of circular-shaped materials and their use in calculating the volume of solids. He also wrote an important dissertation on arithmetic triangles. In 1646, he and his sister Jacqueline were accused of being opponents of the Catholic religious movement. After the death of his father in 1651, he abandoned scientific work in 1654 following a spiritual experience.

 His later years were spent in philosophy and religion due to a spiritual experience he had at the age of 31. It was during this time that his 18-letter Provincial Letters were written. Blaise Pascal died on August 19, 1662, aged 39, at the age of 39. In his memory, the SI unit of pressure and the programming language is named Pascal in honor of him.

Source By: Wikipedia

Information: Ramesh, Assistant Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.

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