Student Education Repository (மாணவர்கள் கல்விக் களஞ்சியம்): Today (July 13, 1921) is the Memorial Day of Gabriel Lipman, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, for demonstrating to color photography can be based on the effect of interference.

Tuesday, July 13, 2021

Today (July 13, 1921) is the Memorial Day of Gabriel Lipman, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, for demonstrating to color photography can be based on the effect of interference.

Today (July 13, 1921) is the Memorial Day of Gabriel Lipman, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, for demonstrating to color photography can be based on the effect of interference.

Gabriel Lippmann was born on August 16, 1845, in Halaric, Luxembourg, the son of a French-Jewish couple. After his birth, his family moved to Paris. He received his early education at home at an early age. He began his studies at Lycee Napoleon in 1858 and continued his studies at Normale ten years later. His education did not improve at a young age. He was also an unrestricted student. He was only interested in his favorite details. So the teacher failed the training exam. But excelled above all in the fields of interest.

In 1873 a scientific team set up by the government went to Germany to conduct research. He was also appointed as one of the members of the committee to study the methods of teaching science. Wilhelm Kune then had the opportunity to work in Heidelberg with Kirkoff and Helmholtz in Berlin. In 1878, after failing an examination for a teacher of science in Paris, he was appointed professor of mathematical physics at the University of Sorbonne. Three years later he was appointed Professor of Experimental Physics. Lipman then moved to Charbon, where he was appointed director of a scientific laboratory. He remained steadfast in this work until his death.

Lipman's self-thinking energy has led to many new discoveries in physics, such as electronics, thermodynamics, thermodynamics, optics, and photochemistry. He was responsible for the invention and reformulation of many measuring instruments that were used in many disciplines of physics. Willem Kune, a professor of physiology, performed a study on him. Put a drop of mercury and leave a little bit of dilute sulfuric acid on top of it. When it touched the mercury with a small thin iron rod it contracted and expanded slightly. Lipman, who observed the study, provided an explanation. When a wire is passed between mercury and acid, a very small amount of current is applied to the wire and it shrinks it. He also found that the wire was stretched back to its old state due to a lack of current.

During his research in Heidelberg, he explored the relationship between microscopy and electricity. He developed a very sophisticated, highly sophisticated 'micropore voltage meter'. This helped to measure very low voltage. So it was used in the Electro Cardio Graph. Lipman, who studied thermodynamics, developed a general theorem for calculating the magnitude of the change that would occur during the reactivity process, as well as for any other thermal reactivity system. In 1886 he became involved in research on filmmaking. In it, he explored how to create color photos. But he could not succeed in it because of many problems. However, he continued to experiment very patiently and proved that color photographs can be created with the interference effect of light colors. This was formally reported to the Scientific Society in 1893. He also provided photographs taken by himself. In 1894 he published his entire study as a dissertation.

In 1895 he devised a method of removing the equation for the duration of self-determination when recording films. Although his method of painting was excellent, the exposure time was longer. They developed a system to avoid the pendulum clock running erratically. In astronomy, he invented an instrument called the coilostat. The device enabled them to photograph a star and the star around it in motion without being altered by the Earth's rotation. When photographing the sky, he designed a device that would automatically record the resolution line in it. His invention recorded the earthquake using telegraph waves and how it spreads.

He also worked as an advisor to Marie Curie, who studied there while working at Charbon. Gave him permission to use his laboratory. He was also the one who introduced Pierre Curie to Mary when Pierre Curie was his best student. Pierre Curie continued his 'crystal voltage study' and was successful. The results of his research were presented in articles at the Scientific Society in Paris. He was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize for his study of color photography. Translated and published various scientific research articles in German journals in Germany. In 1886 he became a member of the Paris Scientific Society. He was also elected its chairman in 1912. Was a member of the Longitude Committee. The Royal Society of London hired him as a foreign member.

Gabriel Lipman left the world on July 13, 1921, at the age of 75, on a voyage to North America with a group of sailors and returned from France to France. Postage stamps were issued in his honor.

Source By: Wikipedia

Information: Ramesh, Assistant Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.

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