Student Education Repository (மாணவர்கள் கல்விக் களஞ்சியம்): Today (August 4, 2007) is the day the Phoenix spacecraft was launched to explore Mars.

Tuesday, August 3, 2021

Today (August 4, 2007) is the day the Phoenix spacecraft was launched to explore Mars.

Today (August 4, 2007) is the day the Phoenix spacecraft was launched to explore Mars.

The Phoenix ground drone was successfully launched from the Cape Canaveral Air Force Base in Florida, the USA on August 4, 2007, by a Delta II rocket by the University of Arizona with the support of the NASA Research Centre. The Phoenix is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) launched into space to explore Mars. The Phoenix scale landed on Tuesday, May 25, 2008. It is a joint venture between the universities of the United States, Canada, Switzerland, and Germany, NASA, and the Canadian Space Research Centre. The spacecraft landed on the frozen north end of Mars and drilled soil with robotic hands. The Phoenix spacecraft is 18 feet long and 5 feet wide.

Tools located on the Phoenix scale

1. Robotic Arm

The pit was drilled to a depth of seven and a half feet. Take the test equipment and place it in the appropriate place. Transfer to other tools to study soil samples.

2. Surface Stereoscopic Imager

The camera, located on a scaled pole, captures a spectacular view of the Martian atmosphere. The other camera captures the base color.

3. Meteorological Station

Arrangement to record day and night climates regarding the temperature, pressure, and wind speed of the Mars site.

4. Microscopy, Electrochemistry & Conductivity Analyzers

Four chemical tools to test Mars soil samples.

5. Mars Descent Imager

The device captures how the scale separates from the spacecraft and keeps track of the motion as it descends into the gravitational field of Mars.

6. Thermal & Evolved Gas Analyzers

A device that detects carbon-based samples and tests their chemical properties.

Mars is a planet in the Solar System. This is the fourth sphere of the sun. Mars is the second smallest planet in the family after Mercury. The Manatees named the planet after the god of war. The iron oxide found on its surface makes the planet red. Hence the name Mars. A geospatial surface, it has craters like the moon, volcanoes, valleys, deserts, and icy Polar Regions similar to those on Earth. The orbits and seasons of Mars are similar to those of Earth. The tallest Olympus Mountain in the solar system and the Mariner Valley, one of the largest vertical valleys, are located on Mars.

Until Mariner 4 successfully flew close to Mars in 1965, it was believed that there would be liquid water on the surface of Mars. Such optimism was due to the black and white signs that change over time near the polar regions of the planet. These were thought to be seas and continents. It was also thought that the long dark scratches found on the surface may have been from irrigation canals. This was later interpreted as an optical illusion. However, geological evidence collected by unmanned missions shows that there was once a large amount of water on Mars. It has two moons, Phobos and Times. These are small and irregularly shaped. Like Mars 'Trojan asteroid 5261 Eureka, these may be asteroids attracted by Mars' gravity.

The Phoenix scale landed on Tuesday, May 25, 2008. Phoenix entered the Martian atmosphere at a speed of approximately 21,000 km / h (13,000 mph). And within 7 minutes reduced its speed to 8 km / h (5.0 mph). Atmospheric entry was confirmed at 4:46 p.m. Radio signals were received at 4:53:44 p.m. Unlike some of the other places visited with landers on Mars, all the rocks near Phoenix are small. As far as the camera can see, the ground is flat, but shaped into polygons 2-3 m (6.6-9.8 ft) in diameter and surrounded by grooves 20 to 50 cm (7.9 to 19.7 in) deep. These patterns are caused by the expansion of ice in the soil and the contraction by large temperature changes. The microscope showed that the soil on top of the polygons was made up of flat particles (probably a type of clay) and rounded particles. Also, unlike other places visited on Mars, there are no dunes on the site. The ice is a few inches below the center of the polygon, with ice at least 20 cm (8 inches) deep at its edges. It slowly rose when ice was exposed in the atmosphere of Mars.

Source By: Wikipedia

Information: Ramesh, Assistant Professor of Physics, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, Trichy.

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